Malicious software

Were you asked to install new software or a new app on your device through a link in a message or a file attached to it? It may have been malware which scammers use to gain access to your device and therefore to your personal data and banking user ID.

What is malware and how does it spread?

Malware is software and apps spread by criminals to give scammers access to other people’s computers and smart devices. Using malware, scammers can take over entire devices or capture users' passwords, banking user IDs and personal data. In the worst case, this may lead to identity theft or empty bank accounts.

Usually, scammers try to spread malware by sending scam messages with a link or attachment. A scam message may advertise anti-virus software or another solution to improve your security. Similar links may also be offered on scam websites and in browser pop-up windows. 

For example, scammers may encourage you to install software in connection with shopping. They may claim it is required for paying or receiving a payment. 

Another option is that a scammer calls you first and asks you to download an app through a link sent during the call.

Always be cautious when opening links or attachments: a single click may be all it takes for malware to be downloaded to your device.

How can you detect malware? 

It may be impossible to detect malware. However, the following may be linked to malware infection:

  • Software you haven't installed appears on your device.
  • Your device frequently stops working.
  • You receive recurring error messages.
  • Your accounts or passwords have been changed without your knowledge.
  • Your friends tell you that they have received odd messages or seen strange social media posts by you – this indicates that malware is using your email or social media accounts.

What can you do if you suspect malware on your device?

If you suspect your device has been infected by malware:

  1. Stop using the device and shut it down.
  2. Take the device to an IT repair shop.

If your device has been reset to factory settings by you or the repair shop, and you then restore backed up data, you may inadvertently also restore the malware on your device. However, it is usually safe to restore material such as photos and your own files. 

The way data is restored varies depending on the device. If you restore a full backup copy and all the applications on your device, we recommend that you install anti-virus software immediately after this.

How can I protect myself against malware?

  • Regularly update your device's operating system, apps and software.
  • Use a firewall and reliable anti-virus software to help you recognise scam websites or malware being installed on your device.
  • Don’t open any links or attachments received from unknown senders.
  • Only download the apps you need from an official app store such as Google Play or Apple App Store. Don’t download any apps or software through links or attachments.
  • Use multi-factor authentication whenever possible. It keeps your accounts even more secure.
  • Take regular backup copies of your important files on an external hard disk or in a cloud service. This ensures that you can recover your data if malware damages your devices.
  • Remember that scammers are talented in manipulation. They may try to create a sense of urgency in scam messages and calls or claim that you don't have to worry about any warnings given by your device. Stand your ground – don't react to suspicious messages and hang up on any unusual calls.